700 m (Easterly wind) - 1000 m (southerly wind) (Easterly wind prevails in most of the growing period except in mid-summer when the southerly wind prevails.)
4 component net radiometer, CNR1 (Kipp&Zonen, The Netherlands) (August 1999 - April 2009). 4 component net radiometer, MR-40 (Eko, Tokyo,Japan) (May 2009 - present).
Global solar radiation (outgoing)
2.35 m
4 component net radiometer, CNR1 (Kipp&Zonen, The Netherlands) (August 1999 - April 2009). 4 component net radiometer, MR-40 (Eko, Tokyo,Japan) (May 2009 - present).
Long-wave radiation(incoming)
2.35 m
4 component net radiometer, CNR1 (Kipp&Zonen, The Netherlands) (August 1999 - April 2009). 4 component net radiometer, MR-40 (Eko, Tokyo,Japan) (May 2009 - present).
Long-wave radiation(outgoing)
2.35 m
4 component net radiometer, CNR1 (Kipp&Zonen, The Netherlands) (August 1999 - April 2009). 4 component net radiometer, MR-40 (Eko, Tokyo,Japan) (May 2009 - present).
Net radiation
2.35 m
4 component net radiometer, CNR1 (Kipp&Zonen, The Netherlands) (August 1999 - April 2009). 4 component net radiometer, MR-40 (Eko, Tokyo,Japan) (May 2009 - present).
PPFD (incoming)
2.35 m
4 component net radiometer, CNR1 (Kipp&Zonen, The Netherlands) (August 1999 - April 2009). 4 component net radiometer, MR-40 (Eko, Tokyo,Japan) (May 2009 - present).
PPFD (outgoing)
2.35 m
4 component net radiometer, CNR1 (Kipp&Zonen, The Netherlands) (August 1999 - April 2009). 4 component net radiometer, MR-40 (Eko, Tokyo,Japan) (May 2009 - present).
Direct / diffuse radiation
-
Direct / diffuse PPFD
-
Quantum sensor, LI190SL (LI-COR) equipped with a shadow blade (Eko) (2005-2006). Quantum sensor, LI190SL (LI-COR) equipped with a rotating shadow blade PRB-100 (Prede, Tokyo, Japan) (July 2009 - present).
Air temperature
3.85 m
Platinum resistance thermometer (100 ohm) equipped with a home-made ventilator (August 1999 - 15 November 2000). Platinum resistance thermometer, HMP45A (Vaisala, Helsinki, Finland) equipped with a home-made ventilator (16 November 2000 - present).
Humidity
3.85 m
Wet-bulb temperature was measured with a platinum resistance thermometer (100 ohm) equipped with a home-made ventilator (August 1999 - 15 November 2000). Relative humidity was measured with a capacitive moisture sensor, HMP45A (Vaisala) equipped with a home-made ventilator (16 November 2000 - present).
3.85 m and 1.25 m (August 1999- September 2003. The measurement heights were changed with rice growth.) 3.8 m and several lower heights (May 2004 - present).
Non-dispersive infrared gas analyzer, ZFU (Fuji Electric, Tokyo, Japan) (August 1999 - September 2003). Non-dispersive infrared gas analyzer, LI-6262 (LI-COR) (May 2004 - present)
Global Warming Initiative Program (FY2002-2005; FY 2006- 2009; FY2010-2014) by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan
Global Environment Research Coordination System (FY 2007-2011) by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan
Global Environmental Research Fund B-3 (FY2000-2002) and S-1 (FY2003-2006) by the Ministry of the Environment, Japan
Calibration Information
The open-path analyzers were calibrated in laboratory at least twice a year, before and after the rice growing season,with zero gas and standard CO2 gas from cylinders and a dew point generator, LI-610 (LI- COR). The closed-path gas analyzer was calibrated in situ once a day with zero gas and standard CO2 gas from cylinders.
