Site name	Kiryu Experiment Watershed
AsiaFlux site code	KEW
Location	Ohtsu, Shiga, Japan
Position	34º 57' 49" N, 135º 59' 40" E
Elevation	250 m above sea level
Slope	9.2 degree
Terrain type	Hillslope mountain
Area	5.99ha (area of the Experimental Watershed)
Fetch	N/A
Climate	warm temperate, Cfa
Mean annual air temperature	13.6 deg (1997 - 2004)
Mean annual precipitation	1645.0 mm (1972-2004)
Vegetation type	Evergreen coniferous forest
Domestic species (Overstory)	Japanese Cypress :Hinoki   (Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. Et Zucc.)
Dominant species (Understory)	Eurya japonica Thunb.
Canopy height	18 m
Age	Planted in 1959
LAI	4.5 to 5.5
Soil type	weathered granite with abundant amounts of albite

Observations
Eddy Covariance method (CO₂)

System	Closed-path system (2001.1.1 - 2003.12.31)  Open-path system (2002.4.30 - present)
Wind speed	Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer    (DA600-3T Probe TR-61C, KAIJO, Japan)
Air temperature	Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer    (DA600-3T Probe TR-61C, KAIJO, Japan)  Platinum resistance thermometer   (HMP45A, VAISALA, Finland)
Water vapor	Open-path (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA),   Closed-path (LI-6262 or LI-7000, LI-COR, USA)
CO2	Open-path (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA),   Closed-path (LI-6262 or LI-7000, LI-COR, USA)
Measurement height	28.5 m
Sampling frequency	10 Hz (8 Hz from 2002.2.6-2002.4.11)
Averaging time	30 min
Data logger	NR1000 (-2002.2.6, Keyence Co., Japan)  CR10X (2002.2.6 - 2002.4.11, Campbell, USA)  CR23X (2002.4.11-present, Campbell, USA)
Data storage	PC
Original data	Raw data

Meteorology

Observation items	Levels/ Depth	Instrument
Global solar radiation(incoming)	28 m  11 m  1 m	CM-14 (Kipp&Zonen),MR-40 (Eiko,Japan)  MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)  MR-401 (Eiko, Japan)
Global solar  radiation (outgoing)	28 m  11 m	CM-14 (Kipp&Zonen) MR-40 (Eiko,Japan)  MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)
Long-wave radiation(incoming)	28 m  11 m	PIR (Epply) or MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)  MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)
Long-wave radiation(outgoing)	28 m  11 m	PIR (Epply) or MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)  MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)
Net radiation	-
PPFD (incoming)	28,16,14,10,1  m	LI190 (LI-COR, USA),   PAR01(Prede, Japan)
PPFD (outgoing)	28 m	LI190 (LI-COR, USA)
Direct / diffuse radiation	-
Direct / diffuse PPFD	-
Air temperature	29, 20, 14, 10,  4, 1 m	Platinum resistance thermometer   (HMP35, HMP45, VAISALA, Finland)
Humidity	29, 20, 14, 10,  4, 1 m	Capacitive hygrometer  (HMP35, HMP45, VAISALA, Finland)
Soil temperature	0.02, 0.1 m   0.02, 0.05, 0.1,  0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1  m	Thermistor (107, Campbell, USA)  Thermistor   (RT-11, RT-12, Espec Mic, Japan)
Soil heat flux	0.01 m	PRF-01 (prede, Japan）
Soil water   content	0.1, 0.2, 0.3,  0.5, 1 m	Tensiometer   (DIK3150, Daiki Rika, Japan)
Wind speed	31, 29, 26, 22,  20, 18, 16.5,  14, 4 m	3-cups anemometer (Makino, Japan),  anemometer with wind vane ( Campbell,  USA),  sonic anemometer thermometer  ( DA600, KAIJO, Japan)
Wind direction	29 m	anemometer with wind vane   (Campbell, USA)
Barometric   pressure	29 m	PTB210 (Vaisala, Finland)
Precipitation	1 m	Tipping bucket rain gauge  (RT-5, Ikeda Keiki, japan)
CO2 concentration	20, 14, 4, 1, 0.3  m	Automated closed dynamic chamber system  (HT-CL-PT311, Hydrotech, Japan)   with a closed-  path CO2/H2O analyzer   (LI-7000 or LI-6262, LI-COR, USA)

Other

Soil respiration	Continuously with automated closed  dynamic chamber system   Occasionally  with manual closed  dynamic chamber  system
Photosynthesis	Occasionally with LI-6400 (Li-cor)
Ecological investigation	DBH, Tree height
CH4	- REA, automated chamber (half-hourly)    2009-  - manual chamber (every two weeks) 2011-  - Eddy covariance (half hourly) 2012-