FFA: Fujisaki Farm Apple Orchard

General site detail  (Updated 17 January 2018)
 Site name
 Fujisaki Farm Apple Orchard
 AsiaFlux site code
 FFA
 Location Fujisaki town, Aomori Prefecture, JAPAN
 Position 40º 39' 17" N, 140º 29' 7" E
 Elevation 20 m above sea level
 Slope 0 degree
 Terrain type
 Almost Flat
 Area 30,000m2
 Fetch 50-200 m
 Climate Cfa
 Mean annual air temperature
 10.1 deg C
 Mean annual precipitation
 1183 mm 
 Vegetation type
 Deciduous fruit tree orchard
 Domestic species (Overstory)
 Apple (Inter-row distance and between-tree distance  of 7.0 m and 5.0m near the flux tower, in 2012)
 Dominant species (Understory)
 Kentucky bluegrass (mowed 5 times a year)
 Canopy height
 4.0 m
 Age 32 years near the flux tower in 2012
 LAI 0-4 for apple tree depending on season
 Soil type
 Alluvial soil

Observations
Eddy Covariance method (CO2)
 System Open-path system
 Wind speed 
 Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DA600-  3T Probe TR-61C, KAIJO, Japan or 81000, Young, USA)
 Air temperature
 Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DA600-  3T Probe TR-61C, KAIJO, Japan or 81000, Young, USA)
 Water vapor
 Open-path analyzer (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA)
 CO2 Open-path analyzer (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA)
 Measurement height
 9.0 m
 Sampling frequency
 10 Hz
 Averaging time
 30 min
 Data logger
 From 2006 to 2012: (NR-1000, Keyence, Japan)
 Data storage
 PC (from 2006-2012), FC (from 2012-)
 Original data
 Raw data

Meteorology
 Observation items
  Levels/ Depth
 Instrument 
 Global solar radiation(incoming)
 9 m  4 component net radiometer
 (MR-50, EKO, Japan)
 Global solar 
radiation (outgoing)
 9 m 4 component net radiometer
 (MR-50, EKO, Japan)
 Long-wave radiation(incoming) 
 9 m 4 component net radiometer
 (MR-50, EKO, Japan)
  Long-wave radiation(outgoing) 9 m 4 component net radiometer
 (MR-50, EKO, Japan)
 Net radiation
 - -
 PPFD (incoming)
 - 
 PPFD (outgoing)
 - 
 Direct / diffuse radiation
 - 
 Direct / diffuse PPFD
 - 
 Air temperature
 2.5, 3.5, 4.5,  5.5, 7.0 and  9.0 m HMP45A, HMP233 and HMP155
 (Vaisala, Finland)
 Humidity 2.5, 3.5, 4.5,  5.5, 7.0 and  9.0 m HMP45A, HMP233 and HMP155
 (Vaisala, Finland)
 Soil temperature
 0.01 and 0.03  m Platinum resistance thermometer
 Soil heat flux
 0.05 m 
 Five thermopile heat flux sensors
 (MF-81,EKO,Japan)
 Soil water 
 content 
 0.3-0.6 m
 From 2011: Two tensiometers at 0.3m and  another two at 0.6m (DIK-3021, Daiki, Japan)
 Wind speed
 4.5, 5.5, 7.0  and 9.0 m From 2006 to 2010: 3-cups anemometer (AF750,  Makino, Japan) From 2012: Sonic anemometer  (81000, Young, USA, and WMT52, Vaisala,  Finland)
 Wind direction
 4.5.5.5, 7.0 m  and 9.0 m  From 2012: Sonic anemometer (81000, Young,  USA, and WMT52, Vaisala, Finland)
 Barometric 
 pressure
 - 
 Precipitation - 
 COconcentration
 4.5, 5.5, 7.0  and 9.0 m Infra red gas infraredanalyzer (LI820, Li-cor, USA)
Other
 Soil respiration
 5 days a month from 2006 to 2009 by  open chamber method
 Photosynthesis -
 Ecological investigation
 -
 
Observation Period and data Availability
 Measurement Period
 From September 2006 to May 2015
 Measurement Frequency
 Continuous
 Data Availability
 N/A
Contact
 Daiyu Ito (daiyu [at] hirosaki-u.ac.jp)
 Teaching and Research Center for Bio-coexistence,
 Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University
 7-1 Shitafukuro, Fujisaki, Fujisaki, Minamitsugaru, Aomori  038-3802 
 JAPAN
 Sachinobu Ishida (ishida [at] hirosaki-u.ac.jp)
 Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University
 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori  036-8561  JAPAN
Research Fund
 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of  Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
 Infrastructure
 Tower (9m), Electrical power (100V AC)