BKS:Bukit SoehartoGeneral site detail (Updated 2 June 2008)
Site name
Bukit Soeharto
AsiaFlux site code
BKS
Location
Bukit Soeharto Education Forest of Mulawarman University, Bukit Soeharto, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Position
0º 51' 41" S, 117º 02' 41" E (WGS84)
Elevation
20 m above sea level (WGS84)
Slope
-
Terrain type
Approximately flat
Area
40 ha
Fetch
200 ~ 500 m (depending on wind direction)
Climate
Tropical - fully humid (Af)
Mean annual air temperature
27 degree C
Mean annual precipitation
3300 mm
Vegetation type
Tropical secondary forest
Domestic species (Overstory)
Macaranga gigantea
Dominant species (Understory)
-
Canopy height
9m (2001Jul), 10.6m (2002Nov), 12.4 (2004Feb)
Age
In 1998, second-growth forest disappeared by forest fire produced by ENSO. The forest has re-grown.
LAI
3.0 m2 m-2 (PAI)
Soil type
Typic Paleudults (US Soil Taxonomy)
Observations Eddy Covariance method (CO2)
System
Closed-path system
Wind speed
Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (Wind Master, Gill)
Air temperature
Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (Wind Master, Gill)
Water vapor
Closed-path CO2/H2O analyzers (LI-6262, LI-COR)
CO2
Closed-path CO2/H2O analyzers (LI-6262, LI-COR)
Measurement height
about 15m, north side ( -2001.1.15)about 15m, south-east side(2001.15-2002.2.6)14.2m south-east side (2002.2.6- 2002.9.10)18.4m south-east side (2002.9.10-2004.12.31)
Sampling frequency
10 Hz
Averaging time
30 min
Data logger
NR-1000, Keyence, Japan
Data storage
HDD (Laptop PC)
Original data
Raw data
Meteorology
Observation items
Levels/ Depth
Instrument
Global solar radiation(incoming)
30m
Radiometer (CNR1, Kipp&Zonen)
Global solar radiation (outgoing)
30m
Radiometer (CNR1, Kipp&Zonen)
Long-wave radiation(outgoing)
30m
Radiometer (CNR1, Kipp&Zonen)
Long-wave radiation(outgoing)
30m
Radiometer (CNR1, Kipp&Zonen)
Net radiation
30m
Radiometer (CNR1, Kipp&Zonen)
PPFD (incoming)
30,1 m
Quantum sensor (ML-020V, Eko, Japan)
PPFD (outgoing)
30m
Quantum sensor (ML-020V, Eko, Japan)
Direct / diffuse radiation
30m
Pyranometer (ML-020V, Eko, Japan)
Direct / diffuse PPFD
30m
Pyranometer (ML-020V, Eko, Japan)
Air temperature
30, 10, 5 m
Platinum resistance thermometer and capacitive hygrometer (HMP45A, Vaisala)
Humidity
30, 10, 5 m
Platinum resistance thermometer and capacitive hygrometer (HMP45A, Vaisala)
Soil temperature
1, 5, 10, 20, 50 cm
Platinum resistance thermometer
Soil heat flux
2 cm (two points)
Soil heat flux plate (MF-81, Eko, Japan)
Soil water content
10cm, 50cm
Water content reflectometer (CS615, Campbell)
Wind speed
30m
Combined wind vane and fan anemometer (Met One, Campbell)
Wind direction
30m
Combined wind vane and fan anemometer (Met One, Campbell)
Precipitation
-
Tipping-bucket rain gauge (TE525, Campbell)
CO2 concentration
30,10,5m
Closed-path infrared gas analyzer (LI-6262, LI-COR)
Takahisa Maeda (takahisa.maeda [at] aist.go.jp) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan Tel : +81-29-861-8418 Fax : 81-29-861-8358
[Flux, Soil respiration] Warsudi, PPMT UNMUL, Indonesia [Ecological Investigation] Tsuyoshi Toma, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
Infrastructure
Tower, Electrical power (Solar cell system)
Research Fund
Global Environment Research Fund S-1 (FY2003-2006) by Ministry of Environment, Japan