AKO - AsiaFlux

AKO: Akou green belt

General site detail　(Updated 13 June 2007)

Site name	Akou green belt
AsiaFlux site code	AKO
Location	Akou, Hyogo, Japan
Position	34º 44' 5.8" N, 134º 22' 27.5" E
Elevation	N/A
Slope	N/A
Terrain type	N/A
Area	N/A
Fetch	120 to 140m
Climate	warm temperate, Cfa
Mean annual air temperature	15.2 deg (1995 - 1999)
Mean annual precipitation	1159mm (1995 - 1999)
Vegetation type	Evergreen broad-leaved forest (12 temperate evergreen and 4 deciduous broad-leaved tree species)
Domestic species (Overstory)	Cinnamomum camphora, Machilus thunbergii, Quercus serrata, Castanopsis cuspidate, Ulmus parvifolia, Quercus glauca
Dominant species (Understory)	N/A
Canopy height	8 m
Age	Planted in 1987
LAI	3.5 to 5.0
Soil type	N/A

Observations
Eddy Covariance method (CO₂)

System	Closed-path system (2000.1.1 - 2002.12) Open-path system (2002.12-2003.12.31)
Wind speed	Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DA600-3T Probe TR-61C, KAIJO, Japan)
Air temperature	Three-dimensional sonic anemometer-thermometer (DA600-3T Probe TR-61C, KAIJO, Japan)
Water vapor	Open-path (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA), Closed-path (LI-6262 or LI-7000, LI-COR, USA)
CO₂	Open-path (LI-7500, LI-COR, USA), Closed-path (LI-6262 or LI-7000, LI-COR, USA)
Measurement height	10.1 m
Sampling frequency	8 Hz
Averaging time	30 min
Data logger	CR10X (Campbell, USA)
Data storage	PC
Original data	Raw data

Meteorology

Observation items	Levels/ Depth	Instrument
Global solar radiation(incoming)	9.8 m	MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)
Global solar radiation (outgoing)	9.8 m	MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)
Long-wave radiation(incoming)	9.8 m	MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)
Long-wave radiation(outgoing)	9.8 m	MR-40 (Eiko, Japan)
Net radiation	-
PPFD (incoming)	9.8 m	PAR01(Prede, Japan)
PPFD (outgoing)	9.8, 1.0 m	PAR01(Prede, Japan)
Direct / diffuse radiation	-
Direct / diffuse PPFD	-
Air temperature	9.8 m	Platinum resistance thermometer (HMP35C, VAISALA, Finland)
Humidity	9.8 m	Capacitive hygrometer (HMP35, VAISALA, Finland)
Soil temperature	0.02, 0.1 m	Thermistor (107, Campbell, USA)
Soil heat flux	0.01 m	MF81 (EKO, Japan)
Soil water content	0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 m	Tensiometer (DIK3150, Daiki Rika, Japan)
Wind speed	9.8 m	3-cups anemometer (WM-30P, Ikeda, Japan) sonic anemometer thermometer (DA600, KAIJO, Japan)
Wind direction	10.1 m	sonic anemometer thermometer (DA600, KAIJO, Japan)
Barometric pressure	-
Precipitation	9.8 m	Tipping bucket rain gauge (RT-5, Ikeda Keiki, Japan)
CO₂concentration	10.1 m	CO₂/H₂O analyzer (LI-7000 or LI-6262, or LI-7500 LI-COR, USA)

Other

Soil respiration	Occasionally with manual closed dynamic chamber system
Photosynthesis	Occasionally with LI-6400 (Li-cor)
Ecological investigation	DBH, Tree height

Observation Period and data Availability

Measurement Period	Occasional eddy flux measurement from 1993 to 1996 Continuous flux dataset from 2000 to 2003
Measurement Frequency	Continuous
Data Availability	N/A

Contact

Yoshiko Kosugi (ykosugi [at] kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp)
Forest hydrology
Graduate school agriculture, Kyoto University
Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
Tel:+81-75-753-6086 Fax:+81-75-753-6149

Satoru Takanashi (tnsatoru [at] ffpri.affrc.go.jp)
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan
Tel:+81-29-829-8242 Fax:+81-29-874-3720

Infrastructure

Tower, Electrical power (100V AC 60Hz)

Publication

Kosugi, Y., Takanashi, S., Matsuo, N., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, H., 2006. Impact of leaf physiology on gas exchange in a Japanese evergreen broad-leaved forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 139, 182-199.

Kosugi, Y., Matsuo, N., 2006. Seasonal fluctuations and temperature dependence of leaf gas exchange parameters of co-occurring evergreen and deciduous trees in a temperate broad-leaved forest. Tree Physiology 26, 1173-1184.

Kosugi, Y., Tanaka, H., Takanashi, S., Matsuo, N., Ohte, N., Shibata, S., Tani, M., 2005. Three years of carbon and energy fluxes from Japanese evergreen broad-leaved forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 132, 329-343.

Matsuo, N., Kosugi, Y., Ohte, N., Koba, K., 2002. Analysis of water-use efficiency of temperate evergreen broad-leaved trees using carbon isotope discrimination. (in Japanese with English abstract). Journal of Japan Society of Hydrology & Water Resources 15, 229-242.

Tanaka, K., Kosugi, Y., Nakamura, A., 2002. Impact of leaf physiological characteristics on seasonal variation in CO2, latent and sensible heat exchanges over a tree plantation. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 114, 103-122.

Tanaka, K., 2002. Multi-layer model of CO2 exchange in a plant community coupled with the water budget of leaf surfaces. Ecological Modelling 147, 85-104.